Blowpipe



Jan. 8, 1924. 1,480,260

v. E. HAAS BLOWPIPE Fiied March 1e. 1922 gunnfL @$1 a will o T1 -l- '4 NEW-'S lllllll;

Lu (D 'ff VENTDR 26 Tilly QW@ Patented Jan. 8, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT o'FFlc-E.

VICTOR E. HALS, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO WILLIAM E. WALDO .AN'D ONE-HALF TO'SAMUEL E. STARR, BOTH 0F TOLEDO,"OHIO.

BLOWPIPE.

Application led March 16, 1922. Serial No. 544,108.

To all whom it may'coneem:

Be it known that I VICTOR E. HAAs, a citizen of the United tates, and a resident of Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have made an Invention Appertainingto Blowpipes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as Will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make' and use the sameref erence being had to the. accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention has for its object to provide an eiiicient blow pipe to be connected to a source of carbureted air pressure supply and to be used for heating purposes. It is especially of value to produce high temperature flames of differentforms whereby its utility in the arts is greatly extended. It is particularly of value when used to produce an intense heat Within a very minute area, as in soldering or melting very small articles.

The preferred form of blow pipe embodying my invention is so constructed that by the manipulation of a single controlling valve member the flame produced will vary from a very short and sharply pointed flame, namely, one of about one and one-half inches in length, a slender llame of six or seven inches in length, and a short two inch intensely hot brush flame, a broad brush flame of about three inches in length, and a brush flame of about live inches in length, each of which has its particular value in the production of certain heat conditions in the arts.

The invention may be contained in blow pipes wherein fuels of dilerent kinds are consumed and the details of such blow pipes may be varied. To illustrate a practical application' of my invention I have selected a blow pipe as an illustration of embodiments of my invention and shall describe it hereinafter. The blow pipe selected for purposes of illustration is `shown in the accompanying drawing.

Figure 1 illustrates a side view, partly in section, of the blow pipe selected as an example. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the burner of the blow pipe. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the burner taken on the line 3 3 indicated in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic illustration showin -the flames that may be formed by the a justment of the openings leading to the burner.

1 1s a stem or casing of the blow pipe that may be connected by a suitable teat 2 to a source of air and gas supply wherein the air is mixed with the fuel, such as gasoline, and thus carbureted air is conveyed through the stem or casing 1 to the burner.

A hollow cylindrical valve member 3 fits in the casing or stem 1 and is secured within the stem by means of the screw 4 which projects into a slot 5 formed in the valve member 3. The valve member 3 may thus be moved angularly short distances within the limitations of the length of the slot 5 into which the screw 4 projects. The valve member 3 is also provided with the slot 6 that registers at all times with the port 7 formed in the casingl 1, and with an opening 8 that is of a size substantially the same as that of the port 9. The port 7 therefore is left open at all times, while the port 9 may be opened 'and closed by the operation of the valve member 3 to a more or less extent and according to the an lar position in which the valve mem'- er 3 is placed. A cut or small channel 10 is formed in the outer side of the cylindrical valve member 3 that leads from the opening 8 and although the valve member 3 may be turned to the extreme point of its movement as determined by the screw 4 and slot 5, the channel 10 will fextend within the area of the port 9. The How of carbureted air to the burner is/'thus controlled through the valve member 3.

The passageway from the ports 7 to the burner is more restricted than the passageway from the port 9. The port 7 communicates with the pipe l1 and the port 9 communicates with the pipe 12, the pipe 11 being made much smaller than the pipe 12. The pipe 11 enters the pipe 12 at their upper ends' so that their upper endsare located concentrically. A nozzle or burner tip 13 connects with the pipe 11 and a shell having openings and forminga burner 14 is connected to the pipe 12. They are surrounded by a shell 15 that projects beyond the burners. The three parts 13, 14 and 15 are located concentrically 'or coaxial and form .the burner of the blow pipe, havwardly extending flange 21.

ing definitely arranged openings and surl'aces that coact to produce the results hereinafter described.

The burner tip -13 has a conical outer end that extends through the shell 14. It has a small opening 16 that extends through the point of the cone. The shell 14 is provided with a flaring conical surface 17 that flares outward from the tip 13, leaving a small annular opening 18 between the tip 13 and the shell 14 and located near the base of the cone surface of the tip 13. The annular opening 18 may be subdivided or its functioning area reduced by a flange 19 which is provided with ay plurality Vof openings 20. The openings 20 may be formed by sawing or cutting inwardly notches, recesses or slots. The cone surface 17 is formed on the outer edge of the shell 14 and an in- The tip 13, and particularly the conical part of the tip 13 is thus definitely located with referenceto the shell 14 by placing the slotted flange 19'of the tip 13 in contact with the flange 21 of the shell 14.

The shell 14 is also provided with openings 22 located in the cylindrical surface of the shell 14. The shell 15 is provided with an inner surface 23 that is larger than the outer cylindrical surface of the 'shell 14, which leaves a small annular Space between that portion of the surface of the shell l14 having the openings 22 and the surface 23 of the shell 15. In a'preferred form of the invention the inner surface of the shell 23 is made conical or slightly flaring from a point well below the openings 22, that is, from a point about one-eighth inch back of the Openings 22, while the shell 14 is provided with a shoulder 24 which lincreases the diameter of the base of the shell 14, that is, the end that is connected to the ipe 12, which leaves a small annular space, t 1e outer diameter of which increases from near the shoulder 24 to the end of the shell 14. Fig. 1 is made 1-1 as to size of the burner, while Fig. 2 is about 2 1.

, In the operation of the burner results that may be obtained are illustrated conventionally in Fig. 4 by merely the manipulation of the valve member 3. Variations of these results 'may also be obtained by slight movements of the valve member 3 to points intermediate those whereby the results illustrated are obtained. The flame 25 is a comparatively short. sharp flame of intense heat and is of particular advantage where very minute points are to be heated. It is of special value in dentistry where very small areas alone may be heated, otherwise damage will be done in the dental work. It is obtained b v locating the opening 8 formed in the valve member 3 at a point such that the line 26 thatconnects the centers of the ports 7 and 9 will pass through one end of the channel 10. Thus the port 9 is practically closed, except for the very small leakage of the gas through the channel 10. The port 7 is always maintained opened by the slot 6. The flame 27 is from five to seven inches long and terminates in a small brush, as at 28, and is obtained by` turning the valve member 3 so that the openings 8 and 6 will be positioned relative to the center line 26 of the ports 7 and 9, as indicated, whereby the port 9 will be slightly opened by the opening 8. The next distinct step in the flame 'formation will be in the production of the flame 29, which is a short brush flame having intense heat and is obtained by increasing the area of the opening of the port 9 by moving the center lines of the openings o'f the ports 7 and 9 in the position indicated relative to the openings 6 and 8. The succeedingstep is the broad but short brush flame 30 that covers practically the entire area of the opening of the shell 15. This is obtained by increasing the area of the opening of the port 9 by further shifting the openings 6 and 8. The next distinctive form of flame is that of the broad, long brush flame 31 which is about four or five inches in length and is produced by a further opening of the port 9. The flame 27 is of value where the location of the point to be heated is somewhat inaccessible and is a convenient form of flame where the blow pipe is mounted relative to a crucible or other device or article and is projected to a certain defined area. The flame length may be varied from that of the length of the flame 25 to that of the length of the flame 28 by very slight alterations of the valve member 3. The flame 29 is of particular value where a comparatively large area is to be heated by an intense flame. The flames 30 and 31 are usable for heating larger areas and may' be used for heating small pots and the like.

In the operation of the burner the high pressure produced at the end of the central tip causes a. high rate of movement of the carbureted aix` or of the mixture of air and fuel and draws over the cone surface a supply of low pressure air mixture that passes from or is drawn from the chamber formed between the inner and outer burners 13 and 14. This is particularly true in view of the fact that the pressure is not permitted to be reduced throughv the pipe 12. and vet it the gas from the pipe 12 is completely cut ofl` the flame 25 will immediately go out. It apparently blows out by the pressure )roduced in the pipe 11 and the burner 13. his results in a fine needle-like flame 25. It, however, the opening to the pipe 12 is increased. the pressure is not materially reduced and yet sufficient as is provided to permit the formation ofZ the flame 28. When` however, a further opening is provided, the pressure appears to be divided between the pipes 11 and 12 and the gas passes from between the inner and outer burners 13 and 14 to produce the hot iiame 29. When, however, the port 9 is fur-ther opened, the pressure within the pipe 12 is increased, while the pressure within the pipe 11 is slightly decreased cal inner tip and a concentric shell, means.

for connecting a source of fuel and air under pressure with the tip and with the shell of the burner, the shell having an opening near the base of the cone of the tip, a second shell surroundin the said shell and tip and extending beyon the edge and end of the shell and tip.

2. In a blow pipe, a burner havin a conical inner tip and a concentric shel means for connecting a source of fuel and air under pressure with the tip and with the shell of the burner, a second shell surrounding the said shell and tip and extending beyond the .edge and end of the first named shell and tip, the first named shell having an opening located at the base of the cone of the tip and connecting the interiorof the first named shell with the interior of the second named shell. i

3. In a blow pi a burner havin a conical inner tip an a concentric shel means for connecting a source of fuel and air under pressure with the tip and the shell of the burner, the shell having an opening near the base of the cone of the tip and openings extending radially from the axis of the burner, and a second shell surrounding the irst named lshell and tip and forming a small annular space with the 'first named shell communicating with the interior of the first named shell through the said -last named openings, and means for regulating the supply of the fuel mixture to the irst named shell.

4. In a blow pipe, a burner having a conical inner tip and a concentric shell, means for connecting a source of fuel and air under pressure with the tip and the shell of the burner, the shell having an opening near the base of the cone of the tip, and openin extending radially from the axis of t e burner, a second shell having an inner fiaring surface and surrounding the irst named shell and tip and forming a small annular V-shaped space with the first named shell communicating-with the interior of the first named shell through the said last named openings, and means for regulating the supplyuof the fuel mixture to the first named she In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name to this s ecification.

VIC OR E. HAAS. 

